 | | |||
|
Leiomyosarcoma, NOS
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts Definition An uncommon, aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, usually occurring in post-menopausal women. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells. Morphologic variants include epithelioid, granular cell, inflammatory and myxoid leiomyosarcomas. Hepatic leiomyosarcoma Conventional leiomyosarcomas are almost always metastatic when involving the liver, and search for a primary tumour in locations such as the retroperitoneum is always necessary. EBV-associated leiomyosarcomas/smooth-muscle tumours can form primary hepatic masses. These tumours occur in patients with immunosuppression, either acquired (HIV/AIDS-associated) or iatrogenic (usually transplant-associated). In liver-transplant patients, occurrence from donor cells has been reported in allografts, and occurrence from recipient cells outside the graft. Histologically, these tumours are typically less differentiated than typical leiomyosarcomas, composed of oval to spindled mesenchymal cells with immunoreactivity for α smooth muscle actin, but usually not for desmin. Demonstration of nuclear EBER is diagnostic. Tumour behaviour is unpredictable, and multifocal lesions do not necessarily indicate metastasis, but are a feature of this tumour 
Epstein-Barr virus-associated leiomyosarcomas in liver transplantation recipients. Origin from either donor or recipient tissue. Cancer 76: 1481-9
Successful management of recurrent Epstein-Barr virus-associated multilocular leiomyosarcoma after cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc 37: 1839-44 
WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System. 4th Edition International Agency for Research on Cancer: Lyon 2010 |